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- PRESS, Page 58Confessions of a Closet LeftistA veteran reporter reveals his 24-year undercover careerBy Laurence Zuckerman
-
-
- The debate over political bias in the press is as old as
- newspapers themselves. For years right-wing critics have complained
- that the U.S. news media are a bastion of anti-Establishment
- liberalism, while left-of-centers charge that ownership by
- corporate conglomerates has turned the country's newspapers and TV
- networks into profit-hungry servants of the Establishment. Rarely,
- however, does the debate get down to cases. What would happen, for
- example, if a radical socialist went to work, politically
- incognito, for some of the nation's most prestigious newspapers?
-
- That is the question raised by the extraordinary confession of
- veteran reporter A. Kent MacDougall. Writing in the Monthly Review,
- an obscure socialist magazine (circ. 7,000), MacDougall declares
- that during his 24-year career as a reporter for the Wall Street
- Journal and the Los Angeles Times, he "helped popularize radical
- ideas" as a "usually covert, occasionally openly anti-Establishment
- reporter." A journalism professor at the University of California,
- Berkeley, since 1987 (he is now on sabbatical), MacDougall, 57,
- says that only the security of tenure finally enabled him to reveal
- himself as a "closet socialist boring unobtrusively from within
- (the) bourgeois press." His epitaph: "Eugene V. Debs may be my
- all-time favorite American and Karl Marx my all-time favorite
- journalist. But my employer for a decade was the Wall Street
- Journal."
-
- MacDougall was quickly singled out by conservative critics as
- living proof of the press's alleged liberal slant. "It shows once
- more how easy it is to hoodwink our media elite," wrote Reed
- Irvine, chairman of the right-wing pressure group Accuracy in Media
- (AIM). The conservative weekly Human Events said MacDougall's
- revelations will no doubt "raise concerns about the ability of
- Marxist agents to penetrate the mainstream media." The Wall Street
- Journal issued a statement expressing its outrage. "It is
- troubling," said the Journal, "that any man who brags of having
- sought to push a personal, political agenda on unsuspecting editors
- and readers should be teaching journalism at a respected
- university."
-
- MacDougall now maintains that his tongue was firmly in cheek
- when he implied in his articles that he had pursued a secret
- agenda. The point of the article, he says, was to debunk radical
- misconceptions about the daily press. "Rigid-minded right-wingers
- and rigid-minded left-wingers have a lot in common," he adds. "I
- wanted to knock down the conspiracy theories by pointing out that
- individual reporters can get across a lot of uncomfortable truths
- to the public."
-
- Whatever his motivation, MacDougall's shadowy career does
- reveal something about the limits of ideological bias in the
- mainstream media. MacDougall stresses that his beliefs merely
- influenced the types of stories he tried to pursue. "I was first
- and foremost a journalist," he says, "and I stuck to accepted
- standards of newsworthiness, accuracy and fairness."
-
- Many of his pieces, including profiles of radical historians
- and economists and lengthy series on inequality and deforestation,
- are well-reported stories that stand up to scrutiny nearly 20 years
- later. Writing in the AIM newsletter, author Joseph Goulden finds
- bias in a 1970 profile of journalist I.F. Stone because MacDougall
- neglected to say that Stone had been a doctrinaire Stalinist (a
- charge Stone dismisses as "absolute nonsense"). In fact,
- MacDougall's article does quote Stone as saying that he was a
- "Communist-anarchist" in his youth and had since come to describe
- himself as "half a liberal, half a radical."
-
- MacDougall's former editors remember him as a cantankerous man
- whose meticulous and exhaustive reporting was worth the trouble.
- "He was a star," says William Thomas, the recently retired Los
- Angeles Times editor who recruited MacDougall as a special writer
- in the late 1970s. Michael Gartner, who edited MacDougall's
- front-page Journal stories in the 1960s, and is now president of
- NBC News, calls him an "editor's dream. He was a very thorough,
- very careful, very good reporter."
-
- Both men insist that MacDougall's stories had to pass through
- a gauntlet of editors who would have prevented him from pursuing
- any hidden agenda. "It might happen once," says Thomas, "but then
- a flag would go up." Gartner believes the presence of a socialist
- on the paper probably benefited Journal readers. "Diversity on the
- staff is something you hope for," he notes. MacDougall says this
- was exactly his point. Upset by the hostile response, he has
- produced a revised version of the MR article that will appear in
- the upcoming issue of the Columbia Journalism Review.